Paper-testing device.



F. C. BLANCHARD, E. B. DRUCKER & H. E. EDDY.

PAPER TESTING DEVICE.

APPLIUATION FILED JULY 5,1912.

1,048,488, Patented Dec. 31, 1912.

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' W CGI/ww' W@ @f F. C. BLANCPARD, E. B. CROCKER & H. E. EDDY. PAPER TESTINGDBVICE. APPLICATION FILED JULY5, 1912.

1,048,488n Patented 1166.31, 1912.

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F. C. BLANCHARD, B. B. CROCKER & H. E. EDDY. PAPER TESTING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 5,1912.

r 1,048,488. Patented 1m31, 1912.

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AND HOWARD E.` EDDY, F NEW YORK, NNY., ASSIGNORS'TO THE ASHCROFT MIANTT-v IACTURING COMPANY, or BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT, .a CORPORATION 0F coN- NECTICUT. v A

, :PAPER-TESTING DEVICE. f

specincatinn of Lettera Patent. r Patented Dec. 31, 1912 l To allzu/2.0m it may concern:

Be it known that we, FREDERICK C.

BLANCHARD, of Bridgeport, in the county of Fairfield andrState of Connecticut, ERNESTr B; CROCKER, of said Bridgeport, and How- ARD E. Ennrgof ew York, in the county and State of Newu York, have invented new` and useful Improvements in Paper-Testing Devices, of which the following is a specification. y

Our invention relates to devices or instruments for testing the strength of m'aterials, andv more particularly .for testing the ystrength of paper of various grades in order to determine its quality. l

Our device or instrument 1s of that general type wherein the paper is clamped in -a suitable manner andthereafter subjected to pressure, an indicator being provided for indicating l'and registering lthe amount of pressure necessary to fracture or rupture the paper. The devices of this general type which have heretofore been rovided, havel been for the most part complicated in structure and therefore expensive to manufacture, and consequently offered for sale at la high price. Furthermore, the essential requisite, or at least the most important re"- quirement, of these instruments or devices is accuracy. The device is practicallyl useless if uniform and accurate results are not obtainable thereby. In this essential Irequi- Jsite the devices of nthis general typeA hereto .fore provided have proved unsatisfactory in use, their inaccuracy being due to a num- F or'example, in many of` berA of causes.

l them the pressure is not uniformly applied lwith conse uent uncertainties and irregularities in t e test; in others the paper `is ruptured in part by the sudden impact of the plunger; while in others, there are many working. parts in Atrain with `the indicator movement with the result that there is always a vvarying element "of friction which cannotbe taken' into account -in the calibration of the indicator.

It is the object of 'our invention to providea papertester which shall be of compact simple 'construction and thereby adapted to be economically;manufactured and sold at a price Well withmthe reach of the average consumer, and `wh1chyshal1 accurately perform the test and accurately record the result thereof. 4

Application filed July 5, 1912. Serial'No. 707,945.

Referring to the drawings, which illustrate certain 'embodiments of our inventiCnf-Fguref'l isa front view of our improved' tester partly in section and partly 11i elevation; Fig. 2 is a similar view, the indicator dial being removed to show t-he indicator movement, and parts being shown y FREDERTCK C. BLANCHARD AND ERNEST B. Cnccxnn, or BRIDGEPORT,CONNECTICUT;

in section; Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan view of the indicator movement; Fig. 4 is a sectional view on the line L -4, Fig. 3 ;,Fig. 5 is aside view partly in section and partly in \elevation of a modified form of our invention; Fig. 6 is a sectional view on the line- 6 6, Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a side view artly in section and partly in elevation op modified form4 of our invention; and Fig. 8 is a view on line 8-8 of Fig. 7.

Referring `to Figs. l, 2, 3 and 4, A is the another l frame, preferably cast iiitegral with the' base A. To said frame is anchored in any `suitable manner a spring B, preferably .of the form shown insaid figures, and pivoted to saidframe is the clamp carrier C having clamp arms C and C2. `The frame A is provided with an internally screw-threaded opening in which is mounted the pressure screw D provided at one end withta handle D and at its other end with a head d fitting within a recess in the clamp arm C and held therein by a slotted plate c screwed to the clamp arm C. The clamp carrier C is thus movably Isecured to the frame A and is prevented from dropping down of its own we1ght upon the spring B. -Upon the under side of the clamp carrier there is provided a'bufferfC3 o cork, felt, rubber or similar material, ada ted to take the blow` ,of the spring B after te paper is punctured, as presently to be described.' Upon the clamping arm C is mounted the upper member ,of the aper clamp consisting of a screw E provided with a head E at its top and a disk E2 atits lower end. The disk E2 has a central plun er opening e andv is preferably rotatably mounted on the screw E, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. The clamp arm C2 forms the lower memberof the paper clamp and is provided with a smooth face of the same `contouras the face of the disk E2 and with a plunger openingl e adapted to register with the plunger opening e of the Near the front end 'of the spring B is 'mounted in any suitable manner a plunger Loes,

Bf. Experience has shown thatI tliemost The yoperation of the device is as follows, nearly uniform and satisfactory results in the parts being i-n their normal position paper testingare'obtained when the plunger shown in Figs..l and 2: The paper to be centers in the openings e, e andn its surface tested is inserted between the paper' clamp 5 is parallel with the paper to'be tested. Exmembers E2 and C2 and the screw E is run 70` perience has also shown that intempering down bringing the disliU-E2 down onto vthe the spring it is likely to warp or twist and clamp arm C2, thus rmly clamping thepathat it is very diiiicultthereafter to straighten per between the clamping members. The it. Consequently, the plunger B is preferhandle D is then turned, forcing the pres- 10, ably adjustably mounted upon the spring to sure screw D and the clamp carrier C down- 75 enable its location and level to be recti ed, ward. As the clamp carrier travels downj if necessary, after the spring has been temward `the paper is brought intocontactu with v pered. `To this endtheplunger is provided the plunger B and continued downward vwith a screw b adapted to ass through a movement forces the plunger and spring B slot in the spring B andhaving a nut b for downward until the pressure causes the. 80,

)securing the plunger in adjusted position. plunger to rupture or puncture the paper, By this means the plunger may be alined thus completing the test. It will be undercentrallywith ther openings e, e. Prefer stood that the downward movement ofthe ably also the spring B is provided with adspring B is communicated to the indicator justing screws b2, as shown, for adjusting movement vthrough the link f6 and actuates 85 thneJ level of the plungerso that itsupper theindex hand or pointer causiiig it to surface shallr be paral el with the paper. to travel overV the face of the dial until the be tested, downward movement of/the spring ceases Upon-the` frame A,.and connected withV vwith the rupturing of the paper, thusindi- /the spring B by a link f6, is an indicator eating and registering the amount of pres- 90 movement best shown in Figs. 3 and 4. This sure to rupture the paper. f' movementconsists of a frame F having an .When the test has been completed by the" 1- arbor f provided with a pinion f and a rupturing of the paper, the indicator is read, pointer Aor index hand f2. Said frame is and the'pressure screw D is run up to the.. 3o further provided with an arbor f3 having a limit of its travel, lift`ing.the clamp carrier 95 crank f4 fast thereon provided at one end C back to its normal position shown in Figs.

with a tooth segment f5 meshing with the l and 2. The disk E2 is then lifted to perpinion f and connected at its other end by 4Init the removal of the paper and the index the link f6 with the spring B. Upon said `hand is reset at zero by the means already arbor f3 nthere is also mounted a grooved described. rThe device is then again ready 100 brake drum f7 whichcoperates with a re- 'for use. silient rod fs, secured tothe frame f, and Under some conditions vof use, and ink `restingxin the groove of said drum f7., to pretesting some grades of paper, it is possible vent t e jar,..,c'aused' by the sudden jump of and sometimes desirable to femploy a paper 40 the spring as the plunger passes 4through the clamp which may be more quickly operated 105 paper from rotating the arbor lf3 and actuat- 4than t-he clamp shown `in Figs, l and 2. ing the index hand. v In Figs. 5 and there is shown a clamp The movement. 's furtherprovided with carrier J having clamp arms 'Jfa'n'd J2. Q resetting mechanism for returning the in- The lower clamp arm J 2 -forms the lower dex hand to zero position. This resetting member of the paper clamp as in the form 11o mechanism consists of "a'lever f mountedv shown in Figs,'1 and 2. The upper paper i .upon the frame A 'and adapted to engagea l.clamp member J 3 is Ipreferably cylindrical pin f1@ upon thedrum j". The' push p 11, rovided with a plunger openingl slidably mounted on said frame A, is adap ed and. a.plura1ity of recesses 1nl which are to engage said lever f" and cause said lever to springs j? held under compression between 115 engage the-pin' f1 `to rotate the drum f7, the member J8 and then clamp arm- J A'. lwhich rdtarys'mo'tion being communicated to spindle J i* ecured to said clampl member `the arbor through the arbor f"", segment f5r Jgextend pward through the armv J and and pinion f', causes'the indexhandtotreis lprovided with a carri'fhandle J adapted 5 5 tun to zeroposition. After the index hand to raise and lower said clamping .member 120 ha's been/reset, the tension spring 712 returns f J 3. It will be apparent that when the handle 'the lever f to normal position. ,J5 is turned down the springs expand, and` A dial G is secured' 'n any suitable manlsecurely clamp the -paper betw" he clamp# 'ner to the frame Afanda casing H provided "ing .members J 2- and J 8, and" when'j the with an opening through which the ,dial G handle J5 L ted it raises th; clamp mem- 125" maybe read, anopening for insertiiig'fthe ber J3 and' l paper between the. paper clamp and with of: he? manually `operated paper y openings L, h', 71.2,-for the screw E, screw .D 'amps shown. in Figs; 1 to, it is desirable and lpush pin fn respectively cversJthe d under `some conditions of use, and in testing .65.v1ce. 7-

some `grades of paper, to emp1oy. an autoi130 i matic paper clamp, such forv example, as is shown in 'Figs 7 and 8. Referring to these figures, K is the frame provided with a stop K. L is the clamp carrier pivoted to the frame and having aV lug L and a clamp arm L2 which forms the lower member of the paper clamp. ".Pivoted to the paper clamp carrier L is an arm M, to one end of which is secured the upper paper clamping member M, the other end being connected to the lug L by a ,spring M2.L N is the 'pressure screw mounted on the frame K and having at itslower end a head 'a fitting within a recess m in the arm M and having a bearing upon a plate m which is preferably made of hard steel adapted to resist wear.

The operation of this -automatic clamp is as follows: The paper to be tested is placed between the clamping members M and L2. The screw N is then run down forcing down the clamp carrier L. The paper 1s` thus firmly clamped, and further movement of the screw N forces the carrier L and the paper o'n the plunger and makes the test. Upon the" return stroke, e., as the^screw Nis run up, the arm L2 strikes against the stop K and yfurther upward movement of the screw N lifts the disk M away from the clamping' member L2, thus compressing the spring M2. *When no'w a fresh piece of `paper is inserted for purposes of test and the screw N run down, the spring l 2 expands until the paper is firmly clamped, and further downward movement of the paper clamp carrier carries the paper down on the plunger and makes the test.

It will be clear that as the pressure screw is mounted on the frame, the pressure is always uniform. It will be equally clear that 'the parts are so organized and arranged, that the pressure screw causes the paper to come down upon the plunger gradually and slowly thus absolutely eliminating ,any possibility of the rupture Aof the paper by sudden, quick impact withthe plunger.

It will be seen that the element of the combination which is mounted upon the Y spring B, thatis, the plunger B in the specific embodiment shown, has no ways or guides lto bind or cramp its movement or in which friction may arise, z'. e., the-plunger is freely mounted on the spring. It will be further seen that as the paper is brought directly onto the freely mounted plunger the deiiection of the spring ives an exact 'measure of the strength o the paper. Thus 'the only chance for an inac- 4curacy due to friction is in the gearage and linking between the spring and the indicator pointer. These connecting means are simple and must of necessity be present in any device of uthis kind sothat in this testing device inaccuracy due to the varying Aelement of friction is rendered negligible, uif indeed it is not brought to an irreducible minimum.

By .this construction, therefore, a paper .tester is provided which is simple and compact and which accurately performs the test,

and-accurately registers the result thereof.

AWe claim y t' l.. A paper testing device, comprising a spring, a paper clamping member and a,

plunger member, one of said members freely mounted o-n said spring, and means to move the other of said members toward and away from said spring.

2. A paper testing device, comprising a spring, a movable paper clamp and a plunger freely mounted on said spring, and

4. A paper testing device, comprising a spring, a movable paper clamp and a plun-I .ger freely mounted on said sprlng, and a screw adapted slowly and gradually to move said clamp toward and away from said plunger. f Y

5. A paper testing device comprising a spring, a movable paper clamp and a plunger freely mounted on said spring, a frame, and means mounted on said frame ada ted to move said clamp toward and away om said plunger.

6. A paper test-ing device, comprising a spring, aplunger freely mounted on said spring, a movable clamp-carrier provided with a paper clamp, a frame and means mounted on said frame adapted to move said carrier and said clamp toward and away from said plunger. v

y7. A paper testing device, com rising a spring, a plunger freely mounte on said spring, a movable paper clamp located above said plunger and comprising a fixed member and a movable-member, each of saidmembers having plunger openings and means to move said clampV toward and away from 'said plunger.

8. A paper testing device comprising a resiliently mounted plunger, a movable clamp carrierfprovided with .a paper clamp lohcated abogeffsaid plunger, said clamp comprising a fixed member and a movable member,` each of said members having plunger openings, a frame, and means mounted on said frame adapted to move said carrie;` and said clamp toward and away from saidI plunger. i 9. lA paper testlnfr siliently mounted plunger, a movable clam device comprising a re' carrierprovided with a paper clamp .locate above said plunger, said clamp comprising a'-V fixed member havlng a plunger opening, and a.' movable member comprisingv a screw mounted on sald crrler and provlded with a disk'having a plunger opening, a frame,

and means mounteod on said frame adapted to move. said carrier and said clamp toward and away. from said: plunger.

10. A; papen testing device, comprising a" "other of said members toward and away from saidspring, an indicator, and connecting means' between said indicator and said spring. v

11. A paper testing device, comprising a spring, a movable paper clamp and a plunger freely mounted on said spring,.means to move said clanp toward and away from said plunger, an indicator, land connecting means between said indicator and said spring.

12.v A paper testing device comprising a spring, a plunger mounted on said spring, a movable clamp carrier provided with a p aperl clamp llocated above said plunger, a frame, an indicator mounted on said frame, connectingl meansbetween said spring and said indicator, and'means mounted on said frame adapted to move said carrier and said clamp toward and away `from said plunger.

13.A paper'testing device comprising a frame, a spring anchored to said frame, a

plunger mounted on said spring, a clamp carrier' pivoted to said frame and provided Leganes v with a paper clamp located above said plunger, an indicator mounted on said frame, connecting means between Isaid springend ysaid indicator, and a screw mounted on said Aframe and connected with said "carrier,

adapted'to move 'said carrier and said clamp .toward and away from said plunger.

fixed member having a plunger opening, and

a movable member comprising a screw mounted ons/aid `carrier and having a disk f provided'with a plungeropening, an indicator mounted on said frame, connecting means between said spring and sald 1nd;- cator, means mounted o-n said frame forv resettmg saldindicator, and a screw mounted' 7' l on sald frame .and connected wlth saldcar- .rien adapted to move said carrier: and saidv clamp toward and away from said plunger.

Signed by us atY Bridgeport, Connecticut this 28th day of June, 1912.

FREDERICK C. BLANCRD.

ERNEST B.' CROCKER. HOWARD EQEDDY'.

Witnesses: p

f W. R. CLARKE, S. F. Conn. 

